ISSN 2520-6265 (print)
ISSN 2520-6273 (online)
Authors:
L. A. Naydonova, Doctor of Psychological Science, Professor, Deputy director on scientific work,
Head of Laboratory for Psychology of Mass Communications and Media Education,
Institute for Social and Political Psychology of NAES of Ukraine
ORCID: 0000-0002-1222-295X
E-mail: mediasicolo@gmail.com
N. M. Zaritskaya, Post-graduate student,
Institute for Social and Political Psychology of NAES of Ukraine
E-mail: natalyazaritska777@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/upj.2019.1(11).11
Article Information
Issue: 1(11) 2019, pages:141-160
Language: Ukrainian
Received: 1: 05.02.2019
1 st Revision: 08.02.2019
Accepted: 13.02.2019
The problem importance is determined by the global dynamic growth of suicides and the need for special attention to the suicidal tendency among armed people (military personnel, combatants, veterans), especially in the context of media effects during the hybrid war. The dynamics of proposed explanatory models explaining the suicide descriptions by traditional media (periodicals and television) and their impact on vulnerable audience over the 40-year period from the 1980’s to the present has been analyzed. Different methods substantiating such impact have been considered – from the early statistical procedures of correlation analysis to various experiments and longitudinal cohort studies. The historical periods concerning the subject matter and key models explaining the impact of «media suicides» on the audience at different times are singled out. The conformity of explanatory models (suggestive-imitation, media cover, identification, multi-factor) are checked for the analysis of the situation with suicides in Ukraine. A cumulative model is proposed and implemented for analyzing of the media suicide impact, in the context of the war over the past 5 years, on the suicide dynamics for the most vulnerable category of adolescents. It was proposed on the base of secondary analysis of official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on mortality due to self-harm. The most vulnerable category is boys aged of 10–15, which can be considered as the most affected by the media hype about «deadly quests» in 2017. The article proposes a conceptual model of media literacy as a factor supporting a person’s psychological well-being and confronting suicidal tendency growing during the hybrid war. The limitations and prospects for further research, tasks for the improvement of the suicide prevention system in Ukraine are discussed.
Key words:suicide, Werther effect, blue whale, suicide cluster, media education, hybrid war.
References transliterated:
1. Kozachenko O. «Syni kyty» ta «bilyj shum»: Jak nagnitajet’sja panika navkolo temy pidlitkovyh sui’cydiv [Elektronnyj resurs] / O. Kozachenko // «Slidstvo.Info». – 2017. – URL: https://hromadske.ua/posts/syni-kyty-panika-navkolo-pidlitkovykh-suitsydiv.
2. Magazova A. Sui’cydy sered vijs’kovyh ta veteraniv ATO: shho vidomo? [Elektronnyj resurs] / A. Magazova // DW Made for minds. – 2018. – URL: https://www.dw.com/ uk/sui’cydy-sered-vijs’kovyh-ta-veteraniv-ato-shho-vidomo/a-43548220.
3. Najd’onova L. A. Chy povynni zhurnalisty vysvitljuvaty vypadky samogubstv? Analiz psyhologa [Elektronnyj resurs] / L. Najd’onova // Mediasapiens. – 2017. – URL: https://ms.detector.media/trends/1411978127/chi_povinni_zhurnalisti_ visvitlyuvati_vipadki_samogubstv_analiz_psikhologa/.
4. Rekomendacii’ dlja media shhodo vysvitlennja sui’cydu [Elektronnyj resurs] // Mediasapiens. – 2017. – URL: https://ms.detector.media/mediaprosvita/how_to/ rekomendatsii_dlya_ media_schodo_visvitlennya_suitsidu/.
5. Spil’nyj akt uzgodzhennja No 2 Vysvitlennja zasobamy masovoi’ informacii’ temy sui’cydu [Elektronnyj resurs] // Nacional’na Rada Ukrai’ny z pytan’ telebachennja i radiomovlennja: oficijnyj sajt. – 2017. – URL: https://www.nrada.gov.ua/72044-2/.
6. Bohanna I. Media guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide: A review of effectiveness / India Bohanna and Xiangdong Wang // Crisis. – 2012. – No 33 (4). – Р. 190–198.
7. Goldney R. D. Suicide: the role of the media. / Robert D. Goldney // Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. – 1989. – No 23. – Р. 30–34.
8. Gould M. Suicide and the Media / Madelyn S. Gould // Annals of the New York Academy of Science. – 2001. – No 932. – Р. 200–224.
9. Gould M. S. The impact of suicide in television movies / M. S. Gould, D. Shaffer // New England Journal of Medicine. – 1986. – No 315. – Р. 690–694.
10. Hu G. Mid-life suicide: An increasing problem in US whites, 1999–2005 / Guoqing Hu, Holly C. Wilcox, Lawrence Wissow, Susan P. Baker // American Journal of Preventive Medicine. – 2008. – No 35. – Issue 6. – Р. 589–593.
11. Manton K. G. Suicide in middle age and later life: Sex and race specific life table and cohort analysis / K. G. Manton, D. G. Blazer, M. A. Woodbury // Journal of Gerontology. – 1987. – No 42. – Р. 219–227.
12. Martin G. Media influence to suicide: The search for solutions / Graham Martin // Archives of Suicide Research. – 1998. – No 4 (1). – Р. 51–66.
13. Nock M. K. The Oxford Handbook of Suicide and Self-injury / Edited by Matthew K. Nock. – Oxford University Press, 2014. – р. 516.
14. Niederkrotenthaler T. Assessing the impact of media guidelines for reporting on suicides in Austria: interrupted time series analysis / T. Niederkrotenthaler, G. Sonneck // Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. – 2000. – No 41. – Р. 419–428.
15. Philips D. P. Suicide and media / D. P. Philips, K. Lesnya, D. J. Paight // Assessment and Prediction of Suicide; [R. W. Maris, A. L. Berman and J. T. Maltsberger (eds.)]. – New York: Guilford, 1992. – Р. 499–519.
16. Phillips D. P. Motor vehicle fatalities increase after publicized suicide stories / D. P. Phillips // Science. – 1977. – No 196. – Р. 1464–l465.
17. Phillips D. P. Suicide, motor vehicle fatalities and the mass media: evidence toward a theory of suggestion / D. P. Phillips // American Journal of Sociology. – 1979. – v. 84. – No 5 – Р. 1150–1174.
18. Phillips D. P. The inlluence of suggestion on suicide: substantive and theoretical implications of the Werther effect / D. P. Phillips // American Sociological Review. – 1974. – No 39. – Р. 340–354.
19. Pirkis J. Suicide and the news and information media: A critical review / J. Pirkis, W. Blood. – Barton, ACT: Commonwealth of Australia, 2010. – 213 р.
20. Pirkis J. Reporting of suicide in the Australian media / J. Pirkis, C. Francis, R. W. Blood, P. Burgess, B. Morley, A. Stewart, P. Putnis // Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. – 2002. – No 36. – Р. 190–197.
21. Stack S. Suicide in the media: A quantitative review of studies based on non- fictional stories / Steven Stack // Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior. – 2005. – No 35 (2). – Р. 121–133.