ISSN 2520-6265 (print)

ISSN 2520-6273 (online)


SOCIAL IDENTITY IN THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS OF THE EAST AND
WEST: WAYS FOR SUCCESSFUL SOCIALIZATION OF STUDENTS DURING THE WAR IN UKRAINE



Authors:
І. V. Danyliuk, DSc. in Psychological Sciences, Professor,
Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine,
Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
ORCID: 0000-0002-6522-5994
Scopus ID: 57217043144
E-mail: danyliuk@knu.ua

O. I. Bogucharova, DSc. in Psychological Sciences, Professor,
Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs
ORCID: 0000-0001-5617-9175
E-mail: bogucharova@lduvs.onmicrosoft.com

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/upj.2025.1(23).4

Article Information
Issue: 1(23) 2025, pages: 69-100
Language: Ukrainian
Received: 01.02.2025
1st Revision: 11.02.2025
Accepted: 25.02.2025


Abstract

The paper discusses the survey conducted on samples of youth from two historically dissimilar regions of Ukraine (eastern and western) during the Russian-Ukrainian war and as well as youth relocated from eastern to western. The investigated both regional disparities in Ukraine and similarities shared by these two regions are discussed in terms of different aspects of social identity (national, local at al.) and successfulness socialization. The tools applied have helped gather essential data. Some psychometric variables and t-student tests, F-test were used. The sample included 202 civil students and police cadets. Conclusions: 1) eastern and western Ukrainians showed more similarity than it was before war, taking into account the strengthening of the role of self-concept; but normative values of relocated people’s adaptation were lower than those of local people (traumatic war experiences); 2) youth’s social identity in both regions correlated positively with indicators of successful internal socialization and psychological adaptation; 3) social Self was statistically significant in relocants’ identity model; national, civic identities were significant in locals’ identity model; 4) the direct positive influence of regional, local (community) identities on psychological well-being, self-esteem and self-acceptance were universal for both regions, while the influence of national and civic identities on social well-being and life satisfaction were context specific; 5) the youth from both historically different socio-cultural contexts showed similarities in their socio-psychological characteristics and self-concept; but the problem of identity differences has remained for a long time a fundamental source of regional conflicts and friction between Ukrainians form East and West, so that further research is needed on the validity of convergence (homogeneity) scores of regional (“eastern-western”) identities.

Key words: youth, self-concept, socialization, social identity, sociocultural context, war, relocation, well-being.

References:

Arshava, I. F., & Nosenko, E. L. (2014). Psychological mechanisms of the effects of educational experiences on the personality development. Вісник Дніпропетровського університету. Педагогіка і психологія, 20, 3–11.

Averianova, N., & Voropaiev, T. (2020). Transformation the Collective Identity of Ukrainian Citizens After the Revolution of Dignity (2014–2019). Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal, 7, 45–71. http://doi.org/10.18523/kmhj219654.2020-7.45-71

Bauman, Z. (2011). Migration and identities in the globalized world. Philosophy & Social Criticism, 37(4), 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0191453710396809

Bernardo, F., & Palma-Oliveira, J. M. (2005). Place change and identity processes. Medio Ambiente y Comportamiento Humano, 6(1), 71–87.

Breakwell, G. M. (1986). Coping with threatened identities. London: Methuen.

Brewer, M. B., & Gardner, W. (1996). Who is this “we”? Levels of collective identity and self representations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(1), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.1.83

Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

Erikson, E. H. (1959). Identity and the life cycle: Selected papers. New York: International Universities Press.

Haslam, S. A., Ellemers, N., Reicher, S. D., Reynolds, K. J., & Schmitt, M. T. (2010). The social identity perspective tomorrow: Opportunities and avenues for advance. In T. Postmes & N. R. Branscombe (Eds.), Rediscovering social identity (pp. 357–379). Psychology Press.

Howard, J. A. (2000). Social psychology of identities. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 367–393. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.367

Lewicka, M. (2007). Regional differentiation of identity: A comparison of Poland and Ukraine. Regional and Local Studies, 21–51.

Phinney, J. S., Horenczyk, G., Liebkind, K., & Vedder, P. (2001). Ethnic identity, immigration, and well-being: An interactional perspective. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3), 493–510. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00225

Qazimi, S. (2014). Sense of place and place identity. European Journal of Social Sciences and Research, 1(1), 306–310. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v1i1.p306-310

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069

Speller, G., Lyons, E., & Twigger-Ross, C. (2002). A community in transition: The relationship between spatial change and identity processes. Social Psychological Review, 4(2), 39–58.

Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Turner, J. C., Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A., & McGarty, C. (1994). Self and collective: Cognition and social context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 454–463. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167294205002

Ward, C., & Geeraert, N. (2016). Advancing acculturation theory and research: The acculturation process in its ecological context. Current Opinion in Psychology, 8, 98–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.09.021

Berri, Dzh., Purtinha, A. Kh., Sihall, M. Kh., & Dasen, P. R. (2007). Kroskulturna psykholohiia: doslidzhennia i vykorystannia [Cross-cultural psychology: Research and applications]. Kharkiv: Humanitarnyi tsentr. [in Ukrainian].

Boryshevskyi, M. (2009). Samosvidomist yak faktor psykhichnoho rozvytku osobystosti [Self-awareness as a factor in the mental development of the individual]. Psykholohiia i suspilstvo, 4, 119–126. [in Ukrainian].

Hryshchuk, E., & Kovalenko, A. (2019). Osoblyvosti etnolinhvistychnoi identychnosti predstavnykiv riznykh movnykh hrup Ukrainy [Peculiarities of ethnolinguistic identity of representatives of different language groups of Ukraine]. Psycholinguistics, 25(1), 49–71. [in Ukrainian].

Kotelevets, A. (2022). Sotsialna aktyvnist molodi pid chas rosiisko-ukrainskoi viiny [Social activism of youth during the Russian-Ukrainian war]. Social Work and Education, 9(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.25128/2520-6230.22.1.4 [in Ukrainian].

Kovalenko, A. B., & Bezverkha, K. S. (2017). Sotsialna identychnist yak mekhanizm adaptatsii osobystosti pid chas suspilnoi kryzy [Social identity as a mechanism for personal adaptation during a social crisis]. Ukrainskyi psykholohichnyi zhurnal, 1(3), 48–62. [in Ukrainian].

Kovalenko, A. B., Hryshchuk, E. Yu., & Sharapa, S. V. (2024). Zviazok sotsialnoi identychnosti ta sotsialno-psykholohichnoi adaptatsii v ukrainskykh mihrantiv [The relationship between social identity and socio-psychological adaptation in Ukrainian migrants]. Ukrainskyi psykholohichnyi zhurnal, 1(21), 63–97. [in Ukrainian].

Nahorna, L. P. (2008). Rehionalna identychnist: ukrainskyi kontekst [Regional identity: Ukrainian context]. Kyiv: IPiEND im. I. F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian].

Riabchuk, M. (2019). Dolannia ambivalentnosti. Dykhotomiia ukrainskoi natsionalnoi identychnosti – istorychni prychyny ta politychni naslidky [Overcoming ambivalence. The dichotomy of Ukrainian national identity – historical causes and political consequences]. Kyiv: IPiEND im. I. F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian].

Sotsiolohichna hrupa «Razumkov Tsentr». (2024). Identychnist hromadian Ukrainy: tendentsii zmin ta adaptatsiia ukraintsiv do umov viiny [Identity of Ukrainian citizens: trends in change and adaptation of Ukrainians to war conditions]. Retrieved from https://razumkov.org.ua/napriamky/sotsiologichni-doslidzhennia/identychnist-gromadian-ukrainy-tendentsii-zmin-cherven-2024r [in Ukrainian].

Vasiutynskyi, V. O. (2016). Psykholohichni aspekty tsinnisnoho porozuminnia ukraintsiv v umovakh voiennoho konfliktu [Psychological aspects of value understanding of Ukrainians in conditions of military conflict]. Problemy politychnoi psykholohii, 4, 3–14. [in Ukrainian].

Rogers, C. R. (1954). Psychotherapy and personality change: Co-ordinated research studies in the client-centered approach. C. R. Rogers, R. F. Dymond (Еds.). Chicago, IL : The University of Chicago Press.

Vermenych, Ya. V. (2015). Donbas yak porubizhnyi rehion: terytorialnyi vymir [Donbas as a border region: territorial dimension]. Kyiv : In-tut istorii Ukrainy NAN Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian].

Hulai, V. (2017). Rehionalna identychnist meshkantsiv Halychyny ta «halytskyi avtonomizm»: suchasni polityko-kulturni ta instytutsiino-protsedurni praktyky [Regional identity of the inhabitants of Galicia and “Galician autonomism”: modern political, cultural and institutional and procedural practices]. Naukovi zapysky Instytutu politychnykh i etnonatsionalnykh doslidzhen im. I. F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy, 1, 179–190. [in Ukrainian].

Kaluha, V. F. (2014). Identychnist ta samoidentychnist yak kliuch do osmyslennia pryrody liudyny [Identity and self-identity as the key to understanding human nature]. Humanitarni studii, 24, 3–13. [in Ukrainian].

Kovalenko, A. B. (2018). Osobystist u vymirakh viiny: osoblyvosti psykholohichnoho blahopoluchchia [Personality in the dimensions of war: features of psychological well-being]. Osobystist ta yii istoriia. (Kolektyvna monohrafiia). N. V. Chepelievoi, M. V. Papuchi (Red.). (s. 240–269). Nizhyn : NDU im. M. Hoholia. [in Ukrainian].

Kovalenko, A. B., & Khachaturian, Yu. R. (2020). Osoblyvosti sotsialno-psykholohichnoi adaptatsii ditei-mihrantiv v osvitnomu seredovyshchi [Peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation of migrant children in the educational environment]. Teoretychni i prykladni problemy psykholohii, 3(53), 5–19. [in Ukrainian].

Korzhov, H. (2010). Terytorialni identychnosti: kontseptualni interpretatsii v suchasnii zarubizhnii sotsiolohichnii dumtsi [Territorial identities: conceptual interpretations in modern foreign sociological thought]. Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketynh, 1, 107–124. [in Ukrainian].

Kukharuk, O. Yu. (2015). Kharakterystyky ta determinanty etnonatsionalnoi identychnosti ukrainskoi molodi [Characteristics and determinants of ethno-national identity of Ukrainian youth]. Psykholohichni perspektyvy, 25, 119–130. [in Ukrainian].

Lemak, M. V., & Petryshche, V. Yu. (2021). Psykholohu dlia roboty: diahnostychni metodyky [Psychologist for work: diagnostic techniques]. Rivne : NMTs PTO u Rivnenskii oblasti. [in Ukrainian].

Lukashevych, M. P. (2009). Osoblyvosti sotsializatsii ukrainskoi molodi v suchasnykh umovakh [Peculiarities of socialization of Ukrainian youth in modern conditions]. Teoriia i praktyka upravlinnia sotsialnymy systemamy: filosofiia, psykholohiia, pedahohika, sotsiolohiia, 4, 34–36. [in Ukrainian].

Orban-Lembryk, L. E. (2008). Vplyv mihratsiinykh protsesiv na povedinkovi proiavy osobystosti [The influence of migration processes on behavioral manifestations of personality]. Filosofiia, sotsiolohiia, psykholohiia, 13, 4.1, 3–15. [in Ukrainian].

Ostrova, V. D. (2014). Temporalni parametry identychnosti studentstva [Temporal parameters of student identity]. Naukovyi visnyk Khersonskoho derzhavnoho universytetu, 1, 56–63. [in Ukrainian].

Piren, M., & Yasenova, A. (2011). Sotsializatsiia molodi v ukrainskomu suspilstvi: stan, osoblyvosti stanovlennia [Socialization of youth in Ukrainian society: status, features of formation]. Osvita rehionu, 4, 267–272. [in Ukrainian].

Rostetska, S. I. (2016). Rehionalna identychnist yak predmet naukovoho analizu [Regional identity as a subject of scientific analysis]. Molodyi vchenyi, 7, 495–499. [in Ukrainian].

Test-opytuvalnyk osobystisnoi zrilosti [Personal maturity test questionnaire]. (1994). Yu.Z. Hilbukha (Red.). Kyiv : Nauk.-prakt. tsentr «Psykhodiahnostyka ta dyferentsiiovane navchannia». [in Ukrainian].

Chetveryk-Burchak, A. H. (2014). Opys ta adaptatsiia opytuvalnyka «shkala sotsialnoho blahopoluchchia» K. Kiza [Description and adaptation of the questionnaire “social well-being scale” by K. Keyes]. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina. Seriia : Psykholohiia, 1099, 54, 28–33. [in Ukrainian].