ISSN 2520-6265 (print)
ISSN 2520-6273 (online)
Author:
G. V. Chaika, PhD (in Psychology), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Psychology of Personality of
G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology of NAES of Ukraine
Institute for Social and Political Psychology of NAES of Ukraine
ORCID: 0000-0001-7799-1314, Researcher ID: G-3031-2018
E-mail: chaika_g@hotmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/upj.2020.1(13).14
Article Information
Issue: 1(13) 2020, pages: 223-237
Language: English
Received: 27.02.2020
1 st Revision: 05.03.2020
Accepted: 10.03.2020
The article examines the psychological qualities and characteristics that support positive relations with others as they are understood in C. Ryff 's model of psychological well-being and compares them with those personal qualities that usually understood as supporting an individual 's personal autonomy. To solve this task, we used the corresponding scale from the Ryff 's Scales of Psychological Well-being; the Test of Meaningful Life Orientation of D. A. Leontiev; Test-Questionnaire of Self-Attitude of V. V. Stolyn, S.R. Panteleyev; Self-Efficacy Scale proposed by R. Schwarzer and M. Jerusalem (adapted by V. G. Romek), S. Maddi 's Hardiness Scale (adaptated of D. A. Leontiev et al.), the Self-Actualization Test (CAT), the self-expression scale from the self-determination test of Osin E. et al. In total, 150 respondents - students of Kyiv universities participated in the research.
The study data show that there are strong correlations between positive relations with others and such personal traits as life process and life results and other indicators of meaningfulness of life; self-expression, which reveals whether life is experienced as consistent with one 's own desires, needs and values; self-respect and expected attitudes of others and several other indicators of self-attitude and general scale of self-attitudes; self-actualizing value and psychological hardiness. The predictors of successful positive relations are commitment, expected attitudes of others, self-expression and self-respect, existing life goals and positive life results. High locus of control on self and control as a factor of psychological hardiness can prevent from development of warm, good and deep relations.
The obtained results show that there is a line of personal characteristic that support personal autonomy and positive relations with others, namely, self-expression, self-respect, life-goals. That is why we cannot argue the idea that personal autonomy and positive relations with others are totally opposite personal traits and that need in autonomy can is fulfilled by neglecting relationships with others.
Key words: psychological well-being, positive relations with others, meaningful life orientations, self-attitude, self-actualization, psychological hardiness, self-expression.
References transliterated:
Baumeister, R., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497–529. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
Fleming, M. (2005). Gender in adolescent autonomy: distinction between boys and girls accelerates at 16 years of age. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 3(2), 33–52. Retriever from http://www.investigacion-psicopedagogica.org/revista/new/english/ContadorArticulo.php?54
García-Alandete, J. (2015). Does Meaning in Life Predict Psychological Well-Being? An Analysis Using the Spanish Versions of the Purpose-In-Life Test and the Ryff 's Scales. The European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 3(2), 89–98. doi: 10.5964/ejcop.v3i2.27
Güngör, D., & Phalet, K. (2011). Cultural patterns and developmental pathways of autonomy and relatedness: turkish and belgian self-construals in middle and late adolescence. IACCP Regional Conference International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology. Retrieved from https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/329725
Gustainienė, L. (2012). Psychological Well-Being and its Relation to Work-Family Interaction and Work Engagement in a Sample of Lithuanian Employees. Аn international forum «Health promotion research» (Trondheim, 6–9 August, 2012). Trondheim : Norwegian university of science and technology.
Inguglia, C., Ingoglia, S., Francesca, L., & Lo Coco, A. (2014). Autonomy and Relatedness in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Relationships with Parental Support and Psychological Distress. Journal of Adult Development, 22(1), 1–13. doi: 10.1007/s10804-014-9196-8
Maddi, S. (2002). The Story of Hardiness: Twenty Years of Theorizing, Research and Practice. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 54(3), 173–185. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/1061-4087.54.3.173
Ryff, C., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719
Saricaoğlu, H., & Аrslan, С. (2013). An Investigation into Psychological Well-being Levels of Higher Education Students with Respect to Personality Traits and Self-compassion. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 13(4). 2097–2104. doi: 10.12738/estp.2013.4.1740
Scott, B. K. (2017). Which Personality Traits Are Most Predictive of Well-Being? Scientific American. Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/ beautiful-minds/ which-personality-traits-are-most-predictive-of-well-being
Ward, P., Lundberg, N., Ellis, G., & Berrett, K. (2010). Adolescent peer followership: a self-determination theory perspective. Journal of park and recreation administration, 28(2), 78–94. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308396007_Adolescent_peer_followership_A_self-determination_theory_perspective
Aleshina, Ju. E., Gozman, L. Ja., Zagika, M. V., & Kroz, M. V. (2003). Samoaktualizacionnyj test [Self-actualization test]. Psihologija. Perm '. [in Russian]. Retriever from http://www.psyperm.narod.ru/T40.htm
Karabanova, O. A., & Poskrebysheva, N. N. (2011). The development of the personality autonomy in adolescence in the child-parent and adolescent-peer relations. The Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, 2, 36–47. [in Russian]. Retrieved from http://msupsyj.ru/pdf/vestnik_2011_2/vestnik_2011-2_36-47.Pdf
Leont 'ev, D. A. (2000). Test cmyslozhiznennyh orientacij (SZhO) [Test of the meaning of life orientations (LSO)]. Moscow : Smysl. [in Russian].
Leont 'ev, D. A., & Raskazova, E. I. (2006). Test zhiznestojkosti [Vitality Test]. Moscow : Smysl. [in Russian].
Osin, E., Ivanova, T., & Gordeeva, T. (2013). Autonomous and controlled professional motivation predict subjective well-being in Russian employees. Organizational Psychology, 3(1), 8–29. [in Russian]. Retrieved from https://orgpsyjournal.hse.ru/data/2013/11/21/1337329670/OrgPsy_2013-1_Osin%20et%20al._8-29.pdf
Serdiuk, L. Z., Danyliuk, I. V., Turban, V. V., Penkova, O. I., & Volodarska, N. D. (2018). Psykholohichni tekhnolohii samodeterminatsii rozvytku osobystosti [Psychological technologies of self-determinism development of personality]. L. Z. Serdiuk (Red.). Kyiv : Instytut psykholohii imeni H.S. Kostiuka NAPN Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian].
Stolin, V. V., & Pantileev, S. R. (1988). Oprosnik samootnoshenija [Questionnaire self-attitude]. Praktikum po psihodiagnostike: Psihodiagnosticheskie materialy – Рractical work on psychodiagnostics: Psychodiagnostic materials (p. 123–130). Moscow : Akademija. [in Russin].
Shvarcer, R., Erusalem, M., & Romek, V. (1996). Russkaja versija shkaly obshhej samojeffektivnosti R. Shvarcera i M. Erusalema [Russian version of the general self-efficacy scale R. Schwarzer and M. Yerusalem]. Inostrannaja psihologija, 7, 71–76. [in Russian].
Shevelenkova, T. D. & Fesenko, T. P. (2005). Psihologicheskoe blagopoluchie lichnosti [The psychological well-being of the personality]. Psihologicheskaja diagnostika, 3, 95–121. [in Russian].